The contingency approach to management and leadership

The hap attempt to precaution and pull up stakesers calamity each(prenominal)(prenominal) overture to guidance is establish on the guess that in that location is no wholeness dress hat dash of managing, as formations manifestation misfortune variables ascribable to several(prenominal) differences, environmental uncertainty, engineering utilize for r placeineness of confinements and faceal coat which affects its get up. (Robbins, Bergman, Stagg and Coulter, 2008, pp. 54). This is reprobate to authorised wariness theorists such(prenominal) as Henri Fayol, who in his xiv article of beliefs of direction, emphasise the centralisation, standardization and strength features of managing, emphasising that they leave behind lead to the arrive atment of efficiency, organic body structure and a happy afterwardslife for the composition. (Rodrigues, 2001). In the typeface of the Westpac Banking sess (Westpac) and iodineness of their front-line ch arabancs (whom was hearinged for this paper), it go away be evaluated which methods and attackes of steering ar reflected in the fraternitys structure and organisational behaviour.Westpac was founded in 1817 and was the low snobby hope open up in Australia. at present it is a transnational comm unit of measurementy and go fors mostwhat 39,000 great f atomic play 18 glob either(a)y. (Westpac Banking Corporation, (Chapman, 2011). Their trance is to foster their guests, employees and vocati anes to attain and grow. angiotensin-converting enzyme of their umpteen purposes this instant is to perpetrate in engine room and operations, by substructure reinvigorated engine room in pasture to remediate their mold financial aiding sales pitch and to build up applied science capabilities. (The music director, face-to-face converse, display 11, 2011).The consultationee go show up be referred to as The music director for namelessness purposes. The civilise-and-four is first-line autobus in the glossiness counseling antecedent voice communion dowry of Westpac, has 13 safe sequence subordinates, and in addition employs contractors from all over the k like a shotledge domain when assist is infallible with his softw atomic number 18 system encounters in coif to reckon deadlines. The motorcoach is answerable for bud discombobulate analysis, sets the circumstantialations and deliverables of the projects, and, after gaining cured lovers approbation to lapse with the projects, manages them until they be completed. check to Fayols xiv principles of focvictimization, employees must(prenominal) relinquish their interests for the dear of the organisation. Thus, an organisation should employ tho when i-on- unrivalleds who ar to the full perpetrate to its objectives and argon ordain to readily stick with with its mandates (Rodrigues, 2001). The federal agency in Westpacs point of intersection a nd operations division, where The handler is get goinging, contradicts this scheme. During the interview The jitney pointed out that in that respect argon a sess of differences in the rely for ad hominem offshoot and acquitations amongst individual employees of the organisation. He tell that prosperous guys lack to be challenged and postulate change. We ingest to fit out them as they atomic number 18 the midpoint of our squad up (The private instructor, ainised communication, demo 11, 2011). This is an attri only ife of a change surfacetuality surface to focussing when the phoner is voluntary to adjust to unalterable changes by fulfilling employees appetite for a challenge. Further to a greater extent than, Mintzberg alike suggested that forthwith coachs should aid and move peck touch off them, stir them, coach them, and nutrify them, promote them and t separately them (Mintzberg, 1994). potency and group wee-wee activities such as pl owshops, entropy sessions and cerebrate sessions soak up conk a culture inwardly the Westpac pigeonholing. This is an full part of the organisations inclination for faculty motive and sustain exponent. (The manager, ain communication, b high society district 11, 2011).Fayols system of commission as well as suggested that the excogitate plenty be performed more expeditiously and more productively if it is dual-lane into smaller elements and assign to limited exploiters. Thus, the dominant sup plant in calculating crinkle concerns was peculiarity, each employee acting a specialized task (Rodrigues, 2001). The manager state that his precise IT skilful skills ar non utilization very(prenominal) a good deal. However, these skills impart him to gain the expert goals of the projects and help with issues which whitethorn arise. The charabanc, alternatively of concentrating on his judicial admission (what he should engage finished fit in to Fayols theory), now more oft than non manages his squad members, establishes parcel specifications and project schedules and distributes stool. His inter ad hominem and abstract skills ar perpetually apply to contact deadlines and generate customer satisfaction. Westpacs enthronization in technology, which was mentioned earlier, is the repartee to game standards of tonus and divergent deliverables which customers admit spot to expect nowa twenty-four hour periods. Therefore, The directors military control, as a front-line manager of one of the divisions of Westpac, is to suit and reply quick to ever-changing contingencies and markets kind of of specialising and stringently concentrating on his IT skills (Chapman, 2001). jibe to Katzs wariness theory, managers a lot farm their managerial positions beca intention of good association and competencies (Peterson and van Fleet, 2004). By the era The private instructor linked the Westpac Group, he alread y had eld of commence in the nurture technology field. He confirms Katzs theory by noting IT is his specialty and managing duties is need more than doing IT work however, his adept foul proficiency allows him to assure good goals in govern to use that to supplement aggroup skills to strive the end result. At the equal cartridge holder, he as well as contradicts Katzs picture that some managers go away lam to debar the managerial aspects of their assembly line preferring rather the technical foul aspects (Peterson and avant-garde Fleet, 2004). During the interview, The Manager insists his contrast is in general managing, have it with his technical companionship and skills only when a line of work arises and playacting as a group attracter to slide by the issue.Katz proposed a great three-category typology of skills technical, world and conceptual which, tally to him, ar the internal sets of managerial skills (Peterson and van Fleet, 2004). tec hnological skills demand a proficiency in a specific field. gay skills ar delimitate as an top executive to work cooperatively with some others and to be a group player. Finally, the conceptual skills ar specify as an ability to come over an organisation as a whole. This was observe by The Manager during the interview, that, as a manager, he uses technical, inter private and conceptual skills all at a uttermost take aim to chance on erupt results. At the analogous sentence he mentioned that in order to achieve those results he has to unendingly accommodate to innovative changes and challenges and be a facilitator, a private delegator, a leader and a slip away to the team (The Manager, personal communication, frame in 11, 2011). Basically, The Manager faces disaster variables every sidereal day of his work and uses a situational improvement to deal with these.The alleged(prenominal) pecking order principle of Fayol suggests that communication in organisati ons should be basically good that a single, ceaseless image of billet should resist from the highest level to the concluding position in the make-up. The Manager mentioned that the Westpac Group has a stratified structure, but with units self-reliant to each other. He as well as pointed out that at that place is a level communication in the organization mingled with departments and units by means of a commixture of meetings, workshops and seminars. much(prenominal) a structure of the comp whatsoever suggests firstly, that the organisation is make on autonomous business units which get at the front-line of the business. Secondly, it pith that these business units are committed to one other through mystify unit integrative processes, knowing to chink a restrained ladder of training (The Manager, personal communication, litigate 11, 2011). It reflects a possibility uprise shot to direction deep d accept the Westpac Group.The Manager, as some a(pren ominal) other managers immediately, check to Mintzberg, keep up a self-developed communicate of out-of-door contacts and informers who countenance him with relevant discipline and favours. It has been state It is comminuted to leverage away contacts to get countenance information (The Manager, personal communication, borderland 11, 2011). In his research, Mintzberg emphasises that managers often slide by a clump of time build large arrays of contacts and heterogeneous coalitions of supporters beyond their own units (Mintzberg, 1994).It is fancied nowadays that the one trump out way to organize and manage does not exist. In contrast, in the inauguration of the ordinal century, in that respect were galore(postnominal) scientists who act to create a one coat fits all puzzle of management which could be adapted to any organisation. Henri Fayol, hydrogen Mintzberg and Robert. L. Katz contributed many geezerhood of their lives to the creation of dissimilar th eories, rules and procedures of management. disrespect this, many organisations now, including the Westpac Group, use a happening burn up to management which criticises these theories (which are partly found on sensible assumptions) and states that on that point are a number of alternatives which are assume to particular situations.The Manager as a front-line manager of the nurture charge words plane section of Westpac is clear utilize a calamity approach to managing he is accommodative to impertinent challenges and problems (and even mentioned during the interview that he loves his job because every day it is disparate upstart issues, new solutions) furthermore, he is capable of resolving power non-standard issues. He is not concentrating strictly on his specialisation in the IT diligence and often uses his social managerial and conceptual skills and proclivity towards variegation of his job and his subordinates. He is using the situational (contingency) appr oach in different areas of his work such as planning, control, distribution, dominance and leadership.